pfSense Plus and TNSR software. 100% focused on secure networking. Available as appliance, bare metal / virtual machine software, and cloud software options. Made stronger by a battery of TAC support subscription options, professional services, and training services.This recipe describes the procedure to setup OpenVPN on pfSense® software with user authentication handled via RADIUS on an Active Directory server. Setup the Windows Server ¶ Setup the Windows Server for an Active Directory roleTo access the pfSense webconfigurator, open a web browser on a computer connected to your firewall and enter https:// [your LAN IP address]. By default, it is 192.168.1.1. Enter your username and password in the login page. The defaults are admin/pfsense, respectively.By default deny access to UPnP & NAT-PMP: checked (This is so only my PS3 and PS4 can use UPnP on my network.) User specified permissions 1: allow 88-65535 10.69.69.50/32 88-65535. User specified permissions 2: allow 88-65535 10.69.69.51/32 88-65535. Click change.Netgate ® virtual appliances with pfSense ® Plus software extend your applications and connectivity to authorized users everywhere, through Amazon AWS and Microsoft Azure cloud services. Network your employees, partners, customers, and other parties to share resources in site-to-cloud, cloud-to-cloud, and virtual private cloud (VPC) connectivity.There is a Deny Write permissions group. If you add a user to this group they can view the webConfigurator without being able to apply changes. its based on freebsd. Should be able to add just a user making sure not part of admin group and it should lock out any ability to make changes.. add a temp user log in your self try and make some ... Jul 15, 2021 · First go to the following section in pfsense : System > User Manager. pfsense-user-manager. Click “ Add” to create a new user. Enter a Username, Password, and password confirmation. Fill in Full Name (optional) Check Click to create a user certificate, which will open the certificate options panel. Enter the user’s name or some other ... May 11, 2023 · In this article. This topic for the IT professional describes access control in Windows, which is the process of authorizing users, groups, and computers to access objects on the network or computer. Key concepts that make up access control are permissions, ownership of objects, inheritance of permissions, user rights, and object auditing. Give a static ip to certain mac address and block that ip-address. I have setup a dhcp reservation on the router for the same purpose. Both these methods have a drawback though, it is that if the user has admin rights on his computer he can assign the computer another static ip and bypass the blocked ip. For this reason it would be great to be ...Netgate ® virtual appliances with pfSense ® Plus software extend your applications and connectivity to authorized users everywhere, through Amazon AWS and Microsoft Azure cloud services. Network your employees, partners, customers, and other parties to share resources in site-to-cloud, cloud-to-cloud, and virtual private cloud (VPC) connectivity. This is how you can set up local users on pfSense with different permissions. However, managing users this way becomes challenging as the pfSense management team grows. It requires manual addition and removal of users, which may lead to security issues if users are not promptly removed.Feb 24, 2023 · @zululander Set your DHCP server settings in pfSense to have the clients use the Adguard DNS server IP. Only Adguard, not Adguard and pfSense IP. Then set the DNS server for pfSense to do it's own lookups or forward to Quad9 or whatever your preferred service is. That's what pfSense will use for itself and you don't want that Adguard filtered. Jul 6, 2022 · User Management and Authentication. Default Username and Password; Privileges; Manage Local Users; Manage Local Groups. Groups and Remote Authentication; Creating and Editing Groups; Group Settings; Authentication Servers; Settings; Logging Out of the GUI; User Manager Support; Certificate Management; Firewall; Network Address Translation ... pfSense® Plus software is the world’s most trusted firewall. Available since 2004, the software has garnered the respect and adoration of users worldwide - installed well over three million times. Made possible by open source technology. Made a robust, reliable, dependable product by Netgate. Aug 11, 2022 · Ettore Caprella wrote in #note-3:. Hello, yes, I can't find the right options that allow me to configure ldap authentication when you don't have admin privileges on the ldap server or when the ldap server does not expose the user password. pfsense-user is the name of the authentik Service account we'll create. DC=ldap,DC=goauthentik,DC=io is the Base DN of the LDAP Provider (default) Step 1 - Service account In authentik, create a service account (under Directory/Users) for pfSense to use as the LDAP Binder and take note of the password generated.I wanted to rename the main "admin" account to avoid easy login guesses. The default account cannot be renamed within pfsense so I created a new account in user manager, gave it the same group membership as the existing one (member of "admins") and disabled the existing "admin". May 9, 2020 · 6- Adding the VPN User. 1- Install and configure CA (Certificate Authority). The first step in the process, which is Install and Configure CA (Certificate Authority) is to navigate to the Cert. Manager in the System section. Then you will be presented with a dashboard. Click on +Add to create a new one certificate authority in CAs tab. distribute equitably 10 Mbps of bandwidth between all the users of the “LAN” network; limit the bandwidth of the “OPT” network to a total of 5 Mbps; limit the bandwidth of the FTP protocol to 2 Mbps. Limiters allow to define a maximum bandwidth for a usage. At the opposite, traffic shaping (like CBQ) allows to guarantee a minimum bandwidth.pfSense. Has anyone managed to run OPENVPN client without local admin rights?? We have been using openvpn setup for a while for our users but when a user runs the program as a normal user, the program runs fine but the user cannot browse remote network. When the user runs it as administrator it works. For that, he will need local admin rights ...Directory traversal vulnerability in pfSense-pkg-WireGuard pfSense-pkg-WireGuard 0.1.5 versions prior to 0.1.5_4 and pfSense-pkg-WireGuard 0.1.6 versions prior to 0.1.6_1 allows a remote authenticated attacker to lead a pfSense user to view a file outside the public folder. CVE-2021-41282: diag_routes.php in pfSense 2.5.2 allows sed data injection.Ettore Caprella wrote in #note-3:. Hello, yes, I can't find the right options that allow me to configure ldap authentication when you don't have admin privileges on the ldap server or when the ldap server does not expose the user password.Setup up a Certificate. Run the OPEN VPN Wizard. Open Your Firewall ports and setup your routing properly. STEP 1. Create a OPENVPN User. I would highly recommend using something separate from the ...Learn how to configure the PFSense Active Directory Authentication feature using LDAP over SSL for an encrypted connection.Rod-IT. Are you using old hardware - i see no reason your pfsense isn't updating other than unsupported hardware. Squid needs to be downloaded and configured before you pass any traffic through it. if you only want to log HTTP then that's all you need to do, if you want to capture HTTPS too then you need to configure a MITM certificate ...Netflow is another option for bandwidth usage analysis. Netflow is a standard means of traffic accounting supported by many routers and firewalls. Netflow collector running on a host inside the network is required to collect the data. pfSense software can export Netflow data to the collector using the softflowd package.There is no limitation in pfSense, you can have as many Users / VPN Instances as you want. -Rico. 2x Netgate XG-7100 | 11x Netgate SG-5100 | 6x Netgate SG-3100 | 2x Netgate SG-1100. 0. A. AtulH. Sep 30, 2020, 10:20 PM. Thanks Rico, and what about the approx. bandwidth required to connect 300 vpn users.Basically, I am looking into a relatively inexpensive hardware option to run PFSense for about 150 users. Currently I am looking into one of the two below options: Zotax ZBOX. Or alternatively one of the many QOTOM mini PCs available. Most networks are setup only with Printer, Access Points and a maximum of 10 desktop computers patched directly ...This is how you can set up local users on pfSense with different permissions. However, managing users this way becomes challenging as the pfSense management team grows. It requires manual addition and removal of users, which may lead to security issues if users are not promptly removed.By default deny access to UPnP & NAT-PMP: checked (This is so only my PS3 and PS4 can use UPnP on my network.) User specified permissions 1: allow 88-65535 10.69.69.50/32 88-65535. User specified permissions 2: allow 88-65535 10.69.69.51/32 88-65535. Click change.Click User Management > User Permissions. Check Yes for Require user permissions record for VPN access at the bottom of the page. Click Save Settings and Update Running Server. When you require user permissions records to grant VPN access, you must add users to both the LDAP server and OpenVPN Access Server’s User Permissions table.User Management and Authentication. Default Username and Password; Privileges; Manage Local Users; Manage Local Groups; Authentication Servers; Settings; Logging Out of the GUI; User Manager Support; Certificate Management; Firewall; Network Address Translation; Routing; Bridging; Virtual LANs (VLANs) Multiple WAN Connections; Virtual Private ...What you have to do next, is transfering this file, access.log (in fact access.0.log, because access.log is always in use) to your remote server, either by using FTP or SCP ; script this in a file, then use CRON (it's available in Pfsense's package, as well as a GUI for CRON) to run your FTP/SCP script every day or every week, depending on how ...Click User Management > User Permissions. Check Yes for Require user permissions record for VPN access at the bottom of the page. Click Save Settings and Update Running Server. When you require user permissions records to grant VPN access, you must add users to both the LDAP server and OpenVPN Access Server’s User Permissions table.The description could be expanded to indicate it does not grant the same permissions as admin/root. An additional permission for "shell+sudo" access would bridge the gap, not break existing users, and if presented next to the other options, would make it even more clear to the user that the other shell permission lacks such access. Actions #6.Rod-IT. Are you using old hardware - i see no reason your pfsense isn't updating other than unsupported hardware. Squid needs to be downloaded and configured before you pass any traffic through it. if you only want to log HTTP then that's all you need to do, if you want to capture HTTPS too then you need to configure a MITM certificate ...You SSH into the machine, run "sudo -i" or "sudo /etc/rc.initial" and are good to go - if you need it at all. In general most users only use ssh if they need console style action like grepping logs or tcpdump manually etc. so they would exit the "menu" anyway. For those that really want to use the menu, we did a quick alias for what they like. distribute equitably 10 Mbps of bandwidth between all the users of the “LAN” network; limit the bandwidth of the “OPT” network to a total of 5 Mbps; limit the bandwidth of the FTP protocol to 2 Mbps. Limiters allow to define a maximum bandwidth for a usage. At the opposite, traffic shaping (like CBQ) allows to guarantee a minimum bandwidth.Jun 28, 2022 · 12) PHP shell + pfSense tools ¶ The PHP shell is a powerful utility that executes PHP code in the context of the running system. As with the normal shell, it is also potentially dangerous to use. This is primarily used by developers and experienced users who are intimately familiar with both PHP and the pfSense software code base. Enter the address of the network that clients will connect to in the local network box. By default pfSense uses 192.168.1.0/24 as the local network so most users will enter that as the network address unless they specified a different network. The rest of the settings in the tunnel section can be left on their default settings. Jul 1, 2022 · This indicates that the user supplied an invalid username or password. “The Network Access Permission setting in the dial-in properties of the user account in Active Directory is set to Deny access to the user.” Indicates that the user account is set to deny access or the network policies in NPS do not allow access for that user. By default deny access to UPnP & NAT-PMP: checked (This is so only my PS3 and PS4 can use UPnP on my network.) User specified permissions 1: allow 88-65535 10.69.69.50/32 88-65535. User specified permissions 2: allow 88-65535 10.69.69.51/32 88-65535. Click change.Netflow is another option for bandwidth usage analysis. Netflow is a standard means of traffic accounting supported by many routers and firewalls. Netflow collector running on a host inside the network is required to collect the data. pfSense software can export Netflow data to the collector using the softflowd package.Configure OpenVPN to use RADIUS¶. Navigate to VPN > OpenVPN, Servers tab. Edit the existing remote access OpenVPN server. Set the Mode to either Remote Access (User Auth) or Remote Access (SSL/TLS + User Auth) if it is not already set to one or the other.OpenVPN authenticates local database users based on their entries in the user manager. To create a new user with a certificate, follow these steps: Navigate to System > User Manager. Click To add a user. Fill in the settings as follows: Username. The username for this client. Password/Confirm password. The password for this client. Full NameCheckout this forum - like : you do the searching - and you will find pfSense admins talking about their setup, handling several thousands of connected users. Example : if 100 (not 1000) clients open a Netflix session, your true 1 Gbit WAN connection will look like scrawling in a mud pool.This is how you can set up local users on pfSense with different permissions. However, managing users this way becomes challenging as the pfSense management team grows. It requires manual addition and removal of users, which may lead to security issues if users are not promptly removed.May 1, 2023 · Firewall Rules¶. First add a rule to pass external WireGuard traffic on the WAN: Navigate to Firewall > Rules, WAN tab. Click Add to add a new rule to the top of the list. Use the following settings: FreeBSD allows multiple users to use the computer at the same time. While only one user can sit in front of the screen and use the keyboard at any one time, any number of users can log in to the system through the network. To use the system, each user should have their own user account. This chapter describes:Click on VPN > OpenVPN. The best and easy method is to use the wizard, hence click on Wizard tab under OpenVPN Servers. 4. PfSense OpenVPN authentication Type. Remember we have created the local users in step1, we are going to use that as the authentication source in the pfSense OpenVPN configuration.User Management. There are two types of users: local users: administration (creation, modification, deletion) is performed locally on pfSense; external users: these users are authenticated by an authentication server (LDAP, Active Directory, …). Users can be included in one or more groups. Rights are given either to the user directly or to ...There is no limitation in pfSense, you can have as many Users / VPN Instances as you want. -Rico. 2x Netgate XG-7100 | 11x Netgate SG-5100 | 6x Netgate SG-3100 | 2x Netgate SG-1100. 0. A. AtulH. Sep 30, 2020, 10:20 PM. Thanks Rico, and what about the approx. bandwidth required to connect 300 vpn users.To access the pfSense webconfigurator, open a web browser on a computer connected to your firewall and enter https:// [your LAN IP address]. By default, it is 192.168.1.1. Enter your username and password in the login page. The defaults are admin/pfsense, respectively.You may mean this: Read-only privilege to create a user that cannot modify config.xml. This does exactly what it's saying. Users with read-only privilege cannot modify the config. Only users who are member of admins group are permitted to change the config. I've played around with such a user a short time ago and I've experienced that such a ...Directory traversal vulnerability in pfSense-pkg-WireGuard pfSense-pkg-WireGuard 0.1.5 versions prior to 0.1.5_4 and pfSense-pkg-WireGuard 0.1.6 versions prior to 0.1.6_1 allows a remote authenticated attacker to lead a pfSense user to view a file outside the public folder. CVE-2021-41282: diag_routes.php in pfSense 2.5.2 allows sed data injection.This recipe describes the procedure to setup OpenVPN on pfSense® software with user authentication handled via RADIUS on an Active Directory server. Setup the Windows Server ¶ Setup the Windows Server for an Active Directory roleJul 15, 2021 · First go to the following section in pfsense : System > User Manager. pfsense-user-manager. Click “ Add” to create a new user. Enter a Username, Password, and password confirmation. Fill in Full Name (optional) Check Click to create a user certificate, which will open the certificate options panel. Enter the user’s name or some other ... Jun 28, 2022 · 12) PHP shell + pfSense tools ¶ The PHP shell is a powerful utility that executes PHP code in the context of the running system. As with the normal shell, it is also potentially dangerous to use. This is primarily used by developers and experienced users who are intimately familiar with both PHP and the pfSense software code base. User based Firewall rules. I am new to PFsense and coming from a Sophos UTM background. In sophos and many other firewalls, there are ways to make firewall rules based on users, instead of MAC or IP addresses. So, is there a way to do this in Pfsense. I plan on creating the users locally inside Pfsense. and plan using the Pfsense captive portal.May 9, 2020 · 6- Adding the VPN User. 1- Install and configure CA (Certificate Authority). The first step in the process, which is Install and Configure CA (Certificate Authority) is to navigate to the Cert. Manager in the System section. Then you will be presented with a dashboard. Click on +Add to create a new one certificate authority in CAs tab. In your OpenVPN Server config - I'm assuming you've selected the type (Something + User Auth) So a valid user is required. That does not depend on groups. Any valid account (by default, local account) will work. IF you have selected "Strict User-CN Matching" in the server config, then the CN on the user certificate needs to match the username ...I can authenticate AD user by using the authentication users in the Diagnostic menu. I created a user certificate for each user. I installed the Openvpn user export package. When I go to the openvpn Client export tab its not showing any users besides the default "Autentication only (no cert). This is on pfSense 2.2.2. i have this working fine ...I wanted to rename the main "admin" account to avoid easy login guesses. The default account cannot be renamed within pfsense so I created a new account in user manager, gave it the same group membership as the existing one (member of "admins") and disabled the existing "admin".Jun 21, 2022 · Troubleshooting Captive Portal. Captive Portal in pfSense® software forces users on an interface to authenticate before granting access to the Internet. Where possible, the firewall automatically presents a login web page in which the user must enter credentials such as a username/password, a voucher code, or a simple click-through agreement. Mar 4, 2020 · The easiest way to configure client settings is to use the openvpn-client-export package we installed earlier. Go to VPN > OpenVPN > Client Export. At the bottom of this there is a section called OpenVPN Clients. In this section you will see a list of available users whose configuration we can export. Then back in pfsense, the allowed container is OpenVPN_Users. or whatever you named it in AD. Any only users that are members of the VPN group can auth through open VPN. Remeber you are trying to Auth with AD, so just like permission assignment in AD, you want to create a group, and add users that need that resource to that group.This depend on what kind of user you are referring to. If you mean network level users (like provided by a local 802.1x, radius, ldap, or other locally administered authentication system) then yes, it can be done with a firewall like pfsense. If you mean application level (Facebook, Youtube, Gmail, etc.) ) users, basically this is not possible ...Nov 24, 2021 · This recipe describes the procedure to setup OpenVPN on pfSense® software with user authentication handled via RADIUS on an Active Directory server. Setup the Windows Server ¶ Setup the Windows Server for an Active Directory role Checkout this forum - like : you do the searching - and you will find pfSense admins talking about their setup, handling several thousands of connected users. Example : if 100 (not 1000) clients open a Netflix session, your true 1 Gbit WAN connection will look like scrawling in a mud pool.Jan 23, 2018 · Checkout this forum - like : you do the searching - and you will find pfSense admins talking about their setup, handling several thousands of connected users. Example : if 100 (not 1000) clients open a Netflix session, your true 1 Gbit WAN connection will look like scrawling in a mud pool. Step 4: Create a User and give them Permissions. Step 4 of our pfSense Road Warrior configuration for IPSec is to create a user and give them permissions to connect. It is highly recommended that you do not use your pfSense admin account for this connection, as it would be a huge security risk should the account be compromised later on.Netgate ® virtual appliances with pfSense ® Plus software extend your applications and connectivity to authorized users everywhere, through Amazon AWS and Microsoft Azure cloud services. Network your employees, partners, customers, and other parties to share resources in site-to-cloud, cloud-to-cloud, and virtual private cloud (VPC) connectivity.Ettore Caprella wrote in #note-3:. Hello, yes, I can't find the right options that allow me to configure ldap authentication when you don't have admin privileges on the ldap server or when the ldap server does not expose the user password.There is a Deny Write permissions group. If you add a user to this group they can view the webConfigurator without being able to apply changes. its based on freebsd. Should be able to add just a user making sure not part of admin group and it should lock out any ability to make changes.. add a temp user log in your self try and make some ...All users and groups in the chain are in scope of the Authentication containers. User naming attribute = samAccountName Group naming attribute = cn Group member attribute = memberOf "pfSense-groupname" is a Group name in pfSense system/user manager/groups section with permissions assigned. pfSense. Has anyone managed to run OPENVPN client without local admin rights?? We have been using openvpn setup for a while for our users but when a user runs the program as a normal user, the program runs fine but the user cannot browse remote network. When the user runs it as administrator it works. For that, he will need local admin rights ...Nov 21, 2018 · On FreeBSD, su requires that the user be a member of the wheel group. But there isn't a way to put a GUI user into the wheel group, so you have to use sudo instead. You could work around that by manually editing the groups file in the OS or hacking on /etc/pam.d/su to use the admins group instead, but why bother? The changes would be wiped out ... Pfsense Cababilities. Posted by Mainard216 on Jul 10th, 2015 at 11:55 AM. Solved. pfSense. I am currently running a meraki MX60 that is getting overworked by the patrons of our business. The business has, maybe, 25 users at any one time. Our patrons using the wifi fluctuate from 100 to 450 at any one time.Dec 15, 2020 · User Management and Authentication. Default Username and Password; Privileges; Manage Local Users; Manage Local Groups; Authentication Servers; Settings; Logging Out of the GUI; User Manager Support; Certificate Management; Firewall; Network Address Translation; Routing; Bridging; Virtual LANs (VLANs) Multiple WAN Connections; Virtual Private ...
Mar 31, 2023 · They also provide a range of security hardening features, such as enabling secure connections, configuring advanced firewall settings, and managing user permissions. Community Support and Documentation. Both pfSense and OPNsense have active communities and extensive documentation, ensuring users can access resources and support when needed. . Daily drip coffee and desserts
Click User Management > User Permissions. Check Yes for Require user permissions record for VPN access at the bottom of the page. Click Save Settings and Update Running Server. When you require user permissions records to grant VPN access, you must add users to both the LDAP server and OpenVPN Access Server’s User Permissions table.In the previous blog post, we discussed how to set up different user permissions in pfSense. Now, we’re going to take it a step further and configure pfSense to communicate with the RADIUS server. This configuration allows for user authentication into the pfSense dashboard. If you’re planning to use OpenVPN on pfSense, you can use …To access the pfSense webconfigurator, open a web browser on a computer connected to your firewall and enter https:// [your LAN IP address]. By default, it is 192.168.1.1. Enter your username and password in the login page. The defaults are admin/pfsense, respectively.See also. The User Manager in pfSense® software provides the ability to create and manage multiple user accounts. These accounts can be used to access the GUI, use VPN services like IPsec and OpenVPN, and use the Captive Portal. The User Manager is located at System > User Manager. From there users, groups, servers may be managed, and settings ...May 1, 2023 · Firewall Rules¶. First add a rule to pass external WireGuard traffic on the WAN: Navigate to Firewall > Rules, WAN tab. Click Add to add a new rule to the top of the list. Use the following settings: Feb 6, 2017 · V. viragomann. Feb 6, 2017, 1:46 PM. When using SSL/TLS it is. Go to VPN > OpenVPN > Client specific overrides and add an override rule for each client you want to control by firewall rule. Select the VPN server, enter the users common name as it is set in the users certificate. At tunnel network enter a small subnet (/30) of the server tunnel ... Jul 1, 2022 · This section covers Squid for caching web pages and related tasks, SquidGuard for filtering and controlling access to web content, and Lightsquid for reporting user activity based on the Squid access logs. This discussion assumes the firewall running pfSense® software has a simple single LAN and single WAN configuration. Jul 13, 2023 · FreeBSD allows multiple users to use the computer at the same time. While only one user can sit in front of the screen and use the keyboard at any one time, any number of users can log in to the system through the network. To use the system, each user should have their own user account. This chapter describes: Jul 6, 2022 · Most of the privileges are self-explanatory based on their names, but a few notable permissions are: WebCfg - All Pages. Grants the user access to any page in the GUI. WebCfg - Dashboard (all) Grants the user access to the dashboard page and all of its associated functions (widgets, graphs, etc.) WebCfg - System: User Password Manager Page Basically, I am looking into a relatively inexpensive hardware option to run PFSense for about 150 users. Currently I am looking into one of the two below options: Zotax ZBOX. Or alternatively one of the many QOTOM mini PCs available. Most networks are setup only with Printer, Access Points and a maximum of 10 desktop computers patched directly ... In this lab, your task is to: Access the pfSense management console: Username: admin Password: P@ssw0rd (zero) Create a firewall alias using the following specifications: Name: HighBW Description: High bandwidth users Assign the IP addresses of the high-bandwidth users to the alias: Vera's IP address: 172.14.1.25 Paul's IP address: 172.14.1.100 ... distribute equitably 10 Mbps of bandwidth between all the users of the “LAN” network; limit the bandwidth of the “OPT” network to a total of 5 Mbps; limit the bandwidth of the FTP protocol to 2 Mbps. Limiters allow to define a maximum bandwidth for a usage. At the opposite, traffic shaping (like CBQ) allows to guarantee a minimum bandwidth. I wanted to rename the main "admin" account to avoid easy login guesses. The default account cannot be renamed within pfsense so I created a new account in user manager, gave it the same group membership as the existing one (member of "admins") and disabled the existing "admin".Multiple users actively working on the source code can easily identify vulnerability and fix it. Also, Pfsense has tons of additional features for network routing, remote connectivity, diagnostics, reporting, etc. From our experience in server administration, we see customers using Pfsense as a VPN router, Network firewall and more.The description could be expanded to indicate it does not grant the same permissions as admin/root. An additional permission for "shell+sudo" access would bridge the gap, not break existing users, and if presented next to the other options, would make it even more clear to the user that the other shell permission lacks such access. Actions #6. I am going to guess you need to be put into the admin group so the user gets added to the sudo file by pfsense under the hood. I also think the different permissions you are trying out only refer to the web interface. The moment you dive into terminal config I am going to guess the only question is if someone is in the sudoes file or not to be ...Jun 28, 2022 · 12) PHP shell + pfSense tools ¶ The PHP shell is a powerful utility that executes PHP code in the context of the running system. As with the normal shell, it is also potentially dangerous to use. This is primarily used by developers and experienced users who are intimately familiar with both PHP and the pfSense software code base. .